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UNITED sTATEs 'PATENT oFiuoE.

EDVIN T. LIGON. 0F RICHMOND, VIRGINIA.

PUMP.

.Specification of Letters Patent No. 15,888, dated October 14, 1856.

To all 'whom t may concern c Be it known that I, EDWIN T. LieoN, of Richmond, Henrico county, in the `State of Virginia, have invented an Improved Pump for Raising Liquids; and I do hereby de-` clare that the same is fully described and represented in the following specication and the accompanying drawings, of which- Figure l, exhibits an end elevation of said pump. Fig. 2, a transverse section of it. Fig. 3, a longitudinal and vertical section of it. Fig. 4, a horizontal section taken through the valve chambers. Fig. 5, a view of the interior of the pump case as it appears when its reciprocating piston is removed therefrom. Fig. 6, is an end view of the piston and Fig. 7 a sideview of it.

In constructing said pump, I generally employ a hollow cylindrical vessel- A, provided with openings, a, b, arranged in opposite sides of it, and so that the case by means of two branch pipes or passages, c, cl, may communicate with the main pipe, B, which when the pump is in operation is to extend down and open into the water or fluid to be elevated by the pump. There are on opposite sides of said case, A, and arranged within it, as shown in Figs. 2 and 4, two valve chambers, D and E, provided with valves, F, F, and G, Gr, which are applied to valve openings, e, made through the top and bottom of each of said chambers, the valves being'arr'anged on the outer sides of the chambers as seen in the drawings. Between these valve chambers and the reciprocating piston H, are wooden or other proper partitions, I, I, against the inner ends of which the outer curved surface of the discharging chamber, f, ofthe piston works with a water tight joint, when the pistonis turned around within the case. This discharging chamber, f, is made cylin* drical in shape and to communicate freely by openings, with two sectoral receiving chambers, g, g, arranged on opposite sides of it as seen in the drawings. The outer surface of each receiving chamber is made to slide or work with a water tight joint against the inner surface of the pump case, when the piston is turned within the same. Furthermore, each of the chambers, g, 4is provided with valve openings, z', made through each of its opposite sides as shown in Figs. 2 and 7. To each of these openings, a valve may be applied so as to open` into the chamber; but, instead of having four valves, I prefer to use a long plate, `K, which I extend from the discharging chamber, f, into the receiving chambers, g, g,

as shown in Figs. 2, and 8, such valve plate, K, being free to play across the chambers, and so as to cover either of the valve seats of the piston as occasion may require. From one end of thepiston, a tubular journal or shaft, L, extends with a water tight joint through the head, k, of the case, A, and may have a lever, M, atlixed to it, whereby, by power applied to said lever, the piston may have a partiallyY rotating reciprocating motion imparted to it. Vhen it is so moved, water will be drawn up the pipe, B, and discharged out of the tubular shaft or journal, L, during each forward or backward movement of such piston.

In the drawings, I have exhibited the two valves of each of the valve chambers, D, E, as simple plates of lmetal, connected to gether by an india rubber or other proper spring, y, which serves to draw them together and down upon their seats; I have also represented the valve chambers, `both in the case and piston as formed in blocks of wood, R, R, R, R, as held in place between and by plates S, S, S, S, as extending from or making part of the case or piston; these pieces of wood being removable and simply slipped into place between `such plates. Vhen they are wet, they will swell and maintain a close joint with the part against which they may rub. A pump so constructed will be found to operate to good advantage.

I do not claim a reciprocating piston working in a pump barrel, and provided with two valves, when said barrel is furnished with two on each side of the piston, and only one eduction pipe, my pump as above described having two induction passages, and one eduction passage, each stroke or vibration of the piston, when the pump is elevating a liquid, causing such liquid to be drawn at once through both induction passages and be discharged out of the central discharging chamber of the piston, but

'What I do claim, is-

l. The combination and arrangement of the two induction. passages or branches, c, (Z, the valve chambers D, E, their four valves F, F, Gr, G, the receiving and delivering chambers, g, g, f, their four valve openings, z', ,z', z', provided with a separate valve to each or one vibrating plate, K,

made to operate between them substantially as Specified, the piston being provided with an eduetion opening or passage, and the whole being arranged and made to operate within a cylindrical case A, essentially as speoiied.

2. I do not claim a Valve made to operate in. connection with two valve openings only or so as to close them alternately, but what I do claim is combining and arranging four Valve openings, z', i, z', i, with one vibrating plate K, as described so that it may vibrate between them and opposite sides` of it and cover two of them at the termination of each of its vibrations.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my signature this 26th day of May A. D.

EDWIN T. LIGON. IVitnesses W. R. I-IILL, J. I. CHASE. 

